The 2024 Nobel Prize in Physics has been awarded to John Hopfield and Geoffrey Hinton for their groundbreaking contributions to the field of machine learning and artificial intelligence (AI). Hopfield, a physicist at Princeton University, laid the foundations for neural networks with his seminal work on associative memory models in the 1980s. His research paved the way for the development of modern neural networks, which are now widely used in various AI applications. Hinton, a computer scientist at the University of Toronto, is recognized for his pioneering work on deep learning algorithms, particularly the development of backpropagation and the concept of dropout. His innovations have been instrumental in enabling the training of large neural networks and have significantly advanced the field of AI. The Nobel Committee praised Hopfield and Hinton’s work, stating that their contributions have revolutionized the way we approach complex problems and have enabled machines to learn and make decisions in ways that were previously unimaginable. The award highlights the profound impact of machine learning and AI on various domains, including computer vision, natural language processing, and decision-making systems.