The 2024 Nobel Prize in Chemistry has been awarded to Demis Hassabis, founder of DeepMind, and David Baker of the University of Washington for their groundbreaking work in using artificial intelligence (AI) to predict the 3D structures of proteins. Their AI system, called AlphaFold, has revolutionized the field of structural biology by rapidly and accurately determining the shapes of proteins, which are essential for understanding their functions and developing new drugs and materials. AlphaFold’s ability to solve a grand challenge problem that had puzzled scientists for decades is a remarkable achievement and a testament to the power of AI in advancing scientific knowledge. The Nobel Committee praised Hassabis and Baker’s work as a “transformative innovation” that will have far-reaching impacts across multiple disciplines, from medicine to biotechnology and beyond.